Aiming at the traditional method of water information acquisition using artificial observation which is not suitable to use in harsh environments.The use of WSNs node design is proposed.The hardware design and communication protocols are analyzed

and the design of sensor nodes

Sink nodes and the management node are discussed.In the design of MAC layer protocol

time-sharing method is used to avoid multi-node data transmission conflict.The test results show that nodes consume low power but can transmit about 100 meters with the accuracy rate up to 99%

which can meet the requirement of practical engineering very well.