In order to achieve high-precision measurement of temperature data in high-temperature measurement environment using platinum thermal resistor temperature sensor. A design scheme of temperature detection system based on optimized circuit parameters and resistance-temperature equation parameters is proposed. Stable ideal voltage is obtained by using constant voltage source circuit. The ideal acquisition signal is obtained by unbalanced bridge differential amplifier circuit and second-order active filtering circuit. The design also optimizes the circuit parameters and corrects the nonlinearity of platinum thermal resistor caused by high temperature. The validity of the design scheme is verified by the experimental platform of the fused deposition modeling（ FDM） 3 D printing nozzle. The purpose of high precision measurement of temperature data is realized in the environment of hightemperature measurement.