In order to improve effective coverage rate of sensor nodes

a node deployment strategy based on bacterial foraging optimization（ BFO） algorithm is proposed. The ratio of network coverage is taken as objective function

the rebound strategy is applied to chemotaxis-operating process of BFO algorithm to optimize the initial position of bacteria

so as to increase speed of algorithm convergence. Each of the bacteria represents a sensor

and each colony that is constituted by a series of bacteria represents a type of deployment scheme. The algorithm that in unit of the colony did the operation of reproduction and elimination. The relative superior deployment scheme is chosen through comparing the fitness values of colonies. Through simulation experiments

the influence of parameters on the algorithm performance is analyzed

and the optimal results is compared with those of other methods

and experimental results show that this algorithm can effectively improve the ratio of sensor node coverage.