Aiming at problems of unbalanced energy consumption and unideal network lifetime

caused by cluster head number and unreasonable distribution location of LEACH clustering routing protocols

a cluster head selection optimal algorithm is proposed based on energy and distance weighted. Considering distance from node to base station and residual energy of nodes as reference factors of cluster head selection

according to improved threshold formula

make the number of selected cluster head reach preset optimal value

and the optimal cluster head is confirmed by reselection of the cluster head. Simulation result shows compared with LEACH protocol

the proposed algorithm can effectively prolong lifetime of network and network energy consumption is more balanced.