Aiming at high data acquisition frequency

fast energy consumption of wireless sensor networks（WSNs） in digital workshop

propose energy-efficient WSNs routing algorithm based on grid and virtual force ant colony optimization（Grid-VFACO）. The data collection region is divided into grid according to the optimal number of cluster head

the head is selected based on candidate mechanism to achieve uniform distribution. On the upper network of cluster head

using virtual attraction between nodes as transition probability rule inspired factor in ant colony algorithm to find the optimal path of data forwarding. The simulation results show that the algorithm can reduce energy consumption

and ensure WSNs work stably in digital workshop for a long time.