Node fault is the major issue

in wireless sensor networks（WSNs） research.Due to large-scale of WSNs and limited node energy

in addition to sensor manufacture techniques

node may takes a high rate of failures.Aiming at node fault in WSNs

a node fault detection algorithm based on structure of benzene ring is proposed.The algorithm takes advantage of the symmetry of the structure of benzene ring

reducing numbers of the "neighbors"nodes so as to achieve goal of reducing energy consumption of fault detection.It also extends the network lifetime.The algorithm is tested by OMNeT + + in simulation environment.Test result shows that the algorithm costs lower energy consumption and higher network connectivity and scalability compared with other algorithms.