An energy-eficient chain-cluster routing(CCR)protocol for long-lived sensor network is proposed.The new and improved catenulate communication in clusters is taken when nodes sends data to cluster head(CH)based on the whole network taken sereval clusters.The CH sends data to the designated root node in a routing-tree manner to the base station.Simulation experiments demonstrate that compared with both low-energy adaptive clustering hierarchy(LEACH)and power-eficient gathering in sensor information system(PEGASIS)
the CCR protocol can lead to the increase of sensor network lifetime(the first node dies) by 400 % and 200 % respectively.