Research on optimization of tracking train operation curve of high-speed train can effectively reduce energy consumption. Using the firefly algorithm（FA） can effectively solve this problem. The tracking train energy consumption is taken as the objective function

and the mathematical model is established by limited speed

time

distance and safety distance into constraints. Simulation experiment based on a certain section of CRH3 EMU and Wuhan to Guangzhou Special Line. Firstly

using the firefly algorithm to search the working condition conversion speed sequence value makes the lowest train energy consumption. Then

the algorithm is used again for quadratic optimization of the sequence value. The simulation results show that the energy consumption index of tracking train operation is reduced by 14. 31 % and meets the requirements of safety and punctuality.