四旋翼无人机能否快速、精确地降落在地面充电装置或回收装置上是实现空地机器人协同的关键步骤之一。提出了一种基于视觉的四旋翼无人机在静止平台上自主降落的模型化框架,设计了基于AprilTag的复合标签着陆标志,将视觉测量与无人机自驾仪提供的状态信息利用卡尔曼滤波器进行融合,提高无人机位姿估计精度。利用PID控制器计算无人机的期望加速度,并将其转化为无人机的姿态指令,使得无人机飞行到期望位置。在专用模拟器下,对提出的无人机自主降落系统进行了多次仿真,仿真结果表明,无人机的平均降落误差小于5 cm
验证了无人机自主降落系统的有效性和精确性。
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