In order to reduce the energy consumption of wireless sensor networks（WSNs）

a LEACH extremum double cluster head clustering algorithm based on cuckoo search algorithm is proposed.Firstly

the cluster heads are selected according to remaining energy of nodes and the distance from the base station to avoid the irrationality and unevenness caused by the random method.The remaining nodes are added to the nearest cluster heads.Secondly

due to the cluster with the largest number of nodes and the cluster head farthest from the sink node

the cluster head needs to consume more energy in management and data transmission.Therefore

deputy cluster heads are elected to share the energy load.Finally

in data transmission stage

the cluster heads use the cuckoo search algorithm to select the forwarding nodes to establish the routing between the current cluster heads and the optimal stations

cuckoo algorithm can quickly select the optimal relay node to optimize the transmission routing.The simulation results show that the algorithm can increase the life cycle of the network and improve the performance of the sensor network.