a wireless sensor networks( WSNs) routing protocol based on improved leapfrog algorithm is proposed. Metropolis discriminant criterion of the simulated annealing algorithm is introduced into the leapfrog algorithm
improve local search ability of leapfrog algorithm. The protocol combines residual energy and position of sensor node to establish fitness function
to achieve the optimal solution of fitness function by improving the leapfrog algorithm
so as to obtain appropriate cluster
and adopt new routing mode in data transmission of cluster head node. Simulation experiment shows that the method has obvious advantage in reducing network energy consumption and prolonging life cycle of network.