Due to special applying environment

reducing energy consumption of nodes and guarantee real-time of data collection is critical issues for underwater wireless sensor networks（ UWSNs）. A mobile data collection scheme based on compressive sensing（ CS—MDC） is proposed. On the basis of distributed energy-balanced unequal clustering（ DEBUC） protocol and compressive sensing theory

cluster nodes decide whether to participate in compressive sampling according to the designed sparse measurement matrix

and transmit obtained measurement value to cluster head. Data at cluster head is collected by movement of autonomous underwater vehicle（ AUV） and transmitted to data center

which is modeled as traveling salesman problem（ TSP） with neighborhoods

and an approximate algorithm is proposed to solve this problem. Data is reconstructed by using compressive sensing reconstruction algorithm at data center. Simulation results show that

compared with existing underwater mobile data collection algorithms

the proposed scheme effectively reduce data collection delay and prolongs lifetime of network

at the same time

assure reliability of data collection.